Control a Stepper Motor with Arduino Due, L298N and Potentiometer

Control a Stepper Motor Using an Arduino Due and an L298N Motor Driver

Stepper motors are widely used in many applications, such as 3D printers, CNC machines, and robotics. They are known for their precise and accurate movements, making them an excellent choice for precise positioning and control. In this tutorial, we will learn how to control a stepper motor using an Arduino Due and an L298N motor driver.

What is a Stepper Motor

A stepper motor is a type of electric motor that moves in small, precise steps rather than continuously rotating like a conventional motor. It is typically used in applications that require precise control over the motor's position, such as in robotics and CNC machines.

What is an L298N Motor Driver

The L298N motor driver is a dual full-bridge driver that can be used to control the speed and direction of DC motors and stepper motors. It has two H-bridge drivers that can be used to control the speed and direction of two motors independently.

Circuit Diagram

To control a stepper motor using an Arduino Due and an L298N motor driver, we need to connect the components as follows:

  • Connect the positive terminal of the stepper motor to the VMS pin of the L298N stepper motor driver.
  • Connect the negative terminal of the stepper motor to the GND pin of the L298N motor driver.
  • Connect the IN1, IN2, IN3, and IN4 pins of the L298N motor driver to digital pins 3, 4, 5, and 6 of the Arduino Due, respectively.
  • Connect the 5V and GND pins of the L298N motor driver to a 5V power supply.

Following shows the stepper motor control with Arduino Due, L298N and potentiometer.

Control a Stepper Motor with Arduino Due, L298N and Potentiometer

The following is the circuit diagram of Arduino due stepper motor control with potentiometer.

arduino due stepper motor control with potentiometer

Video demonstration

Following is video demonstration of  how to control of stepper motor with Arduino Due and L298N motor driver works.

Arduino Code

To control the stepper motor using the Arduino Due and the L298N motor driver, we need to use the following code:

#include <Stepper.h>

const int stepsPerRevolution = 24;  // Change this to match the number of steps per revolution of your stepper motor
const int potPin = A0;               // The pin that the potentiometer is connected to

Stepper myStepper(stepsPerRevolution, 3, 4, 5, 6);  // Create an instance of the Stepper class, using pins 2, 3, 4, and 5

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  myStepper.setSpeed(0);  // Set the speed of the stepper motor to 0 RPM
}

void loop() {
  int speed = analogRead(potPin);  // Read the value of the potentiometer
  speed = map(speed, 0, 1023, 0, 100);  // Map the value to a speed between 0 and 100 RPM

  myStepper.setSpeed(speed);  // Set the speed of the stepper motor to the value read from the potentiometer
  Serial.println(speed);

  myStepper.step(1);  // Step the motor one step in one direction
  //delay(15);
}

This above Speed control of dc motor using potentiometer code is written in the Arduino programming language and it uses the Stepper library to control a stepper motor.

The Stepper library is a library for controlling stepper motors, and it is included in the code using the following line:

#include <Stepper.h>

Next, two constant integers are defined:

const int stepsPerRevolution = 24;
const int potPin = A0;

The stepsPerRevolution constant is the number of steps the stepper motor needs to take to complete one revolution. The value 24 is used in this example, but it may need to be changed to match the specific stepper motor being used.

The potPin constant is the analog pin that the potentiometer is connected to. The potentiometer is used to control the speed of the stepper motor.

The next line creates an instance of the Stepper class:

Stepper myStepper(stepsPerRevolution, 3, 4, 5, 6);

The myStepper object is created using the stepsPerRevolution constant and the pins 3, 4, 5, and 6 as arguments. These pins will be used to control the stepper motor.

In the setup() function, serial communication is started at a baud rate of 9600, and the speed of the stepper motor is set to 0 RPM using the following line:

myStepper.setSpeed(0);

In the loop() function, the value of the potentiometer is read using the following line:

int speed = analogRead(potPin);

 This value is then mapped to a value between 0 and 100 RPM using the map() function:

speed = map(speed, 0, 1023, 0, 100);

 The mapped value is then used to set the speed of the stepper motor using the following line:

myStepper.setSpeed(speed);

Finally, the stepper motor is stepped one step in one direction using the following line:

myStepper.step(1);

 The current speed value is then printed to the serial monitor for debugging purposes.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we learned how to control a stepper motor using an Arduino Due and an L298N motor driver. We discussed what a stepper motor is, what an L298N motor driver is, and how to connect the components together. We also provided a complete example of how to control the stepper motor using the Arduino Due and the L298N motor driver, including the circuit diagram and the Arduino code.

By following this tutorial, you should be able to control a stepper motor with precise and accurate movements using an Arduino Due and an L298N motor driver. Whether you're working on a 3D printer, a CNC machine, or a robot, this tutorial provides a great starting point for controlling stepper motors in your projects.

I hope you found this tutorial helpful. If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to leave them below. Happy stepper motor controlling!

References:

- Arduino stepper motor position control potentiometer

- Wireless Stepper Control with Potentiometer with 433MHz RF module & Arduino

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